Policy and Maritime Review

Kebijakan Publik Dalam Era Ketidakpastian: Kasus Program Makan Gratis dan Krisis Legitimasi di Indonesia 2025

Nuraini Andriyani — 2026-06-03

Era ketidakpastian telah menjadi tantangan utama dalam penyelenggaraan kebijakan publik, terutama ketika pemerintah dituntut untuk merespons kebutuhan masyarakat secara cepat di tengah kompleksitas sosial, ekonomi, dan politik yang terus berkembang. Salah satu kebijakan strategis di Indonesia pada tahun 2025 adalah Program Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG), yang bertujuan meningkatkan kualitas gizi masyarakat, menurunkan angka stunting, dan memperkuat pembangunan sumber daya manusia. Meskipun memiliki tujuan yang positif, implementasi program ini memunculkan berbagai perdebatan terkait kesiapan fiskal, kapasitas kelembagaan, tata kelola, serta efektivitas pelaksanaannya yang berimplikasi pada munculnya krisis legitimasi kebijakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dinamika implementasi Program Makan Bergizi Gratis dalam konteks era ketidakpastian serta menjelaskan bagaimana tantangan implementasi berkontribusi terhadap terbentuknya krisis legitimasi kebijakan publik di Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Data diperoleh melalui studi dokumentasi terhadap dokumen kebijakan, laporan pemerintah, artikel ilmiah, hasil penelitian terdahulu, dan pemberitaan media massa yang relevan. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan model interaktif Miles, Huberman, dan Saldaña yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tantangan implementasi yang meliputi keterbatasan kapasitas fiskal, kompleksitas tata kelola, koordinasi antar-aktor, dan pengawasan program memengaruhi legitimasi kebijakan pada dimensi input legitimacy, throughput legitimacy, dan output legitimacy. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa krisis legitimasi tidak semata-mata disebabkan oleh substansi kebijakan, melainkan oleh kesenjangan antara ekspektasi publik dan kapasitas implementasi pemerintah dalam mengelola kebijakan pada situasi yang penuh ketidakpastian. Oleh karena itu, penguatan partisipasi publik, transparansi, akuntabilitas, dan komunikasi kebijakan menjadi faktor penting dalam menjaga kepercayaan masyarakat serta mendukung keberlanjutan kebijakan publik

Implementasi Pembangunan Zona Integritas Wilayah Bebas Dari Korupsi (WBK) di Kantor Bersama Samsat Surabaya Barat

Rinadini Hendrasworo — 2026-06-03

Implementasi pelayanan publik adalah upaya pemenuhan kebutuhan masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah. Namun dalam pelaksanaanya, Implementasi Pelayanan Publik masih memiliki beberapa kekurangan. Hal ini termasuk dalam implementasi Zona Integritas Menuju Wilayah Bebas dari Korupsi (WBK) yang masih belum optimal dilaksanakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis implementasi program pembangunan Zona Integritas di Kantor Bersama Samsat Surabaya Barat serta kendala - kendala yang dihadapi dalam implementasi program pembangunan Zona Integritas di Kantor Bersama Surabaya Barat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Informan penelitian adalah Ka UPT PPD Surabaya Barat selaku Pembina Zona Integritas yang memiliki keterlibatan Ka UPT selaku pimpinan sebagai role model pada Pembangunan Zona Integritas. Fokus penelitian menggunakan analisis Grindle untuk mengkaji implementasi Zona Integritas Menuju Wilayah Bebas dari Korupsi (WBK) di Kantor Bersama Samsat Surabaya Barat. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan observasi. Teknik analisis data penelitian menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian membuktikan Implementasi program pembangunan Zona Integritas di Kantor Bersama Samsat Surabaya Barat berdasarkan model kebijakan Grindle secara garis besar bertujuan untuk mengurangi praktik korupsi pada pelayanan kendaraan bermotor sesuai kebutuhan dalam mewujudukan Good Governance yang didukung oleh Sumber Daya Manusia, Pendanaan dan Permenpan RB No. 90 tahun 2021. Sedangkan kendala dalam implementasi pembangunan Zona Integritas di Kantor Bersama Samsat Surabaya Barat adalah Kurangnya Kesadaran dan Komitmen Pegawai, Keterbatasan Sumber Daya, Resistensi dan Perlawanan dari Pihak-pihak yang Tidak Mendukung, Ketidaksiapan Infrastruktur dan Teknologi, Pola Pikir dan Budaya Organisasi Lama dan Kurangnya Pemahaman dan Dukungan Masyarakat.

Penerapan Inovasi Pelayanan Publik Seblak Pedes Berbasis E-Government di Kantor Kecamatan Ngoro, Kabupaten Jombang

Ria Fauziah — 2026-06-07

Public service innovation is a step toward improving the quality of services provided to the public. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the e-government based Seblak Pedes public service innovation at the Ngoro Subdistrict Office in Jombang Regency. The background for this study is the discrepancy between the objectives of the Seblak Pedes innovation and the reality on the ground. This study employs a qualitative approach using a descriptive method. In its implementation, the study draws upon e-government theory grounded in the key elements of successful e-government development, as identified by the Harvard JFK School of Government. This theory encompasses three main elements: Support, Capacity, and Value. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted through the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the Seblak Pedes public service innovation has not yet been optimal. Regarding the Support element, outreach was conducted only during the Seblak Pedes launch and was directed solely at village officials rather than the general public, and was subsequently carried out only through social media. Regarding the Capacity element, the availability of forms remains limited, and there is a shortage of human resources. Regarding the Value element, some members of the public still do not fully perceive the benefits of the Seblak Pedes innovation.

Evaluasi Program Bimbingan Teknis Penyusutan Arsip Dinamis di Dinas Kelautan Dan Perikanan Provinsi Jawa Timur

Latifatun Nur Azizah — 2026-06-12

Dynamic records disposition is an important activity in records management to ensure efficiency, reduce records accumulation, and support administrative order. The East Java Provincial Marine and Fisheries Service conducted a Technical Guidance Program on Dynamic Records Disposition to improve the competencies of records managers in divisions, Technical Implementation Units (UPTs), and branch offices. This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of the program using the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) evaluation model. This study employed a qualitative descriptive method. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and document analysis. The informants consisted of archivists and program participants. Data were analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the program was relevant to organizational needs, as differences in understanding and skills among records managers in implementing records disposition still existed. The program was supported by regulations, competent instructors, and relevant materials, although limitations in facilities and human resource readiness remained. The implementation was carried out according to plan through lectures, discussions, and practical sessions, but faced challenges related to limited time and varying participant competencies. The program improved participants’ understanding of dynamic records disposition procedures; however, its implementation in work units was not yet optimal. Overall, the program was considered fairly effective but requires stronger follow-up, monitoring, and mentoring to support sustainable implementation.

Pengaruh Ekspetasi, Instrumentalitas, dan Nilai Terhadap Penggunaan Transportasi Umum di Kota Surabaya

Graceshiva Sarrani — 2026-06-21

Traffic congestion in Surabaya City has continued to increase due to the growth of private vehicle ownership, prompting the government to develop public transportation as an alternative mode of mobility for the community. The use of public transportation is influenced not only by service availability but also by users’ motivational factors. This study aims to analyze the effects of expectancy, instrumentality, and valence on public transportation usage in Surabaya City. The research employed a quantitative method with a survey approach involving 384 respondents who were users of Surabaya Bus and WiraWiri services, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed through multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS software. The results indicate that expectancy has a significant effect on public transportation usage, and instrumentality also has a significant effect, while valence does not have a significant effect on public transportation usage. Simultaneously, expectancy, instrumentality, and valence have a significant effect on public transportation usage. The study concludes that public expectations regarding service quality and the tangible benefits gained from using public transportation are important factors that encourage the use of public transportation in Surabaya City. These factors can help reduce dependence on private vehicles and contribute to alleviating traffic congestion.